Cause of Erectile Dysfunction

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In order to properly achieve an erection three conditions must occur: The nerves to the penis must be functioning properly, there must be adequate blood circulation to the penis, and there must be a stimulus from the brain. If there is a disruption with any or all of these events, a full erection will not occur.

General causes of erectile dysfunction include many physical factors. For example, diseases, such as atherosclerosis (the hardening and narrowing of the arteries), diabetes, kidney disease, hormone disorders, neurological conditions (spinal cord or brain injuries), trauma to the pelvic area, side effects of current medications and drug, alcohol and tobacco abuse.

Psychological factors, such as stress, marital/family discord, job instability, depression, low self-esteem and performance anxiety also hinder sexual performance. If a man continues to fear not being able to have an erection, he may develop persistent psychological impotence.

General Cause of Erectile Dysfunction:

Vascular disease
Diabetes
Drugs
Hormone imbalance
Neurological conditions
Pelvic trauma or surgery
Psychological factors

Vascular Diseases

Arteriosclerosis, the hardening or narrowing of arteries, often linked with high cholesterol, causes a reduction in blood flow to the penis which can lead to erectile dysfunction. It is often associated with age and accounts for 50% to 60% of ED in men over 60. Smoking is the most important risk factor for vascular problems and perhaps the most significant risk factor for both erectile dysfunction and arteriosclerosis.

Diabetes and Erectile Dysfunction

One out of every four impotent men has diabetes, which can cause nerve deterioration. Erectile dysfunction may result if nerves or blood vessels that control the flow of blood to the penis are affected. Generally, maintaining a good diet and keeping blood glucose levels under control can help decrease ED.

Drugs

Many common prescription medications are known to cause or contribute to erectile dysfunction, including drugs for high blood pressure, heart medications, antidepressants, tranquilizers, sedatives, diabetes, appetite suppressants, and cimetiden (an ulcer drug). There are over 200 commonly prescribed medications, as well as a number of over-the-counter medications that can have erectile dysfunction as a side effect. Doctors may be able to adjust the dosage of a drug or change the medication to reverse or minimize the problem.

Lifestyle choices such as, long-term use of alcohol and illicit drugs, tobacco use, being overweight and avoiding exercise can all contribute to heart disease and vascular problems and raise the risk of erectile dysfunction.

Hormone Imbalance

Although rare, hormonal imbalances are another potential cause for erectile dysfunction, they account for less than 5% of cases. Testosterone deficiency can result in a loss of libido (sexual interest) and loss of erection. An excess of the hormone prolactin, caused by the pituitary gland tumor, reduces levels of testosterone. In addition, other illnesses, such as kidney failure and liver disease can disrupt the balance of hormones.

Neurological Conditions

Damage to the spinal cord and brain can affect or cause erectile dysfunction. Any neurological disorder which interrupts the nerve impulses from the brain to the penis will generally cause an erectile failure. Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s and multiple sclerosis are also examples of nerve disorders that may cause erectile dysfunction.

Pelvic Trauma or Surgery

Physical injuries to the penis, pelvis, spinal cord or brain can damage veins and nerves needed for erection. Surgery of the bladder, prostate, colon, or rectal area can cause impotence if the nerves and blood vessels that control erections are damaged.

Psychological Erectile Dysfunction

Experts believe that psychological factors such as depression, stress, anxiety, guilt, low self-esteem, and fear of sexual failure can all contribute to loss of libido and erectile dysfunction. If a man experiences loss of erection, he may worry it will happen again. This can produce anxiety associated with performance and may lead to chronic problems during sex. If the cycle continues, this may lead to erectile dysfunction.